Me yasa za a yi maganin bututun ƙarfe da zafi?

Ayyukan maganin zafi shine inganta kayan aikin injiniya na kayan aiki na bututun ƙarfe, kawar da ragowar damuwa da inganta aikin yankewa.

Bisa ga dalilai daban-daban na maganin zafi, ana iya raba tsarin maganin zafi zuwa kashi biyu: maganin zafi na farko da maganin zafi na ƙarshe.

1. Maganin zafi na farko

Manufar maganin zafi na farko shine inganta kayan aiki, kawar da damuwa na ciki da kuma shirya kyakkyawan tsarin metallographic don maganin zafi na ƙarshe. Hanyoyin maganin zafinsa sun haɗa da annealing, normalizing, tsufa, quenching da tempering, da dai sauransu.

(1) Ragewa da daidaitawa

Ana amfani da annealing da normalizing don zafi aiki blanks. Don carbon karfe da gami karfe tare da carbon abun ciki fiye da 0.5%, annealing magani ne sau da yawa amfani da rage taurin da sauki yanke; Don carbon karfe da gami karfe tare da carbon abun ciki kasa da 0.5%, normalizing jiyya aka soma domin kauce wa manne da kayan aiki a lokacin yankan. Ana shirya shi sau da yawa bayan masana'anta mara kyau da kuma kafin yin aiki mai tsauri.

(2) Maganin tsufa

Ana amfani da maganin tsufa musamman don kawar da damuwa na ciki da aka samar a cikin masana'anta da injina.

Domin kauce wa wuce kima aikin sufuri, ga sassa tare da cikakken daidaito, za a iya shirya wani tsufa magani kafin karewa. Koyaya, don ɓangarorin da ke da babban buƙatun daidaito, za a tsara matakan jiyya biyu ko fiye da yawa. Gabaɗaya ba a buƙatar maganin tsufa don sassa masu sauƙi.

(3) Sanyaya

Quenching da tempering yana nufin maganin zafin jiki mai zafi bayan quenching. Yana iya samun nau'i mai kyau da tsarin sorbite mai zafi mai kyau da kuma shirya don rage nakasawa yayin kashe saman ƙasa da jiyya na nitriding a nan gaba. Sabili da haka, ana iya amfani da quenching da tempering azaman maganin zafi na farko.

2. Maganin zafi na ƙarshe

Manufar maganin zafi na ƙarshe shine inganta kayan aikin injiniya kamar taurin, juriya da ƙarfi.

(1) Quenching

Quenching ya haɗa da quenching saman da quenching na haɗin gwiwa. Daga cikin su, ana amfani da quenching surface saboda ƙananan nakasawa, oxidation da decarburization. Haka kuma, quenching surface yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga high waje ƙarfi, mai kyau lalacewa juriya, mai kyau na ciki tauri da kuma karfi tasiri juriya.

(2) Kawo Karfi

Carburizing da quenching ne m ga low carbon karfe da low gami karfe. Da fari dai, ƙara carbon abun ciki na saman Layer na sassa, da kuma samun high taurin bayan quenching, yayin da core har yanzu kula da wani ƙarfi da high tauri da kuma roba.

(3) Maganin Nitriding

Nitriding hanya ce ta magani don sanya ƙwayoyin nitrogen su shiga cikin saman ƙarfe don samun Layer na mahadi masu ɗauke da nitrogen. Nitriding Layer na iya inganta taurin, sa juriya, ƙarfin gajiya da juriya na ɓarna. Kamar yadda zafin jiyya na nitriding ya yi ƙasa, nakasar ƙanƙara ce, kuma Layer na nitriding yana da bakin ciki (gabaɗaya bai wuce 0.6 ~ 0.7mm ba), yakamata a shirya tsarin nitriding a ƙarshen mai yiwuwa. Don rage nakasawa a lokacin nitriding, ana buƙatar yawan zafin jiki don kawar da damuwa bayan yankewa.